Growing up as a Bengali with roots in East Bengal in what is
now Bangladesh, one hears a lot of tales about the prosperous past. A plush
villa set amidst a landscape dotted with lakes, tall coconut trees flanking
paddy farms is an image one’s mind creates. Besides paddy, the farms also
produce vegetables, & maybe even some cash crops. The ponds & nearby
meandering river are teeming with all kinds of fish. Add in an East Bengali Bhadralok reading his Shakespeare while
sipping his Darjeeling tea, the portrait emerges fully furnished. This image has also become a joke in some
quarters, a stick by which Bengalis from the west of the Padma river have whipped us with. Their claim is that if every Bangal had so much land, then what would
the total land area of the East be?
The American South has similar tales to tell. The black
soil, the cotton plantations, the black slaves, the Southern Belles have all
formed part of the popular imagination. Little known is the fact that during
the American Civil War, less than 40% of Southern Americans possessed slaves,
but it was the very idea of slavery abolishment that led to enlistment (later
conscription) of some 700,000 males for the southern army. Not for nothing is
the Civil War known as “a rich man’s war, a poor man’s fight”.
There are many things that bind these two seemingly
disparate people. It is the hope of the seemingly attainable. The slave holders
in the American South & the Zamindars of East Bengal may have been way
above the level of most common folk, but they provided a bulwark against
domination by the ‘other’. In America (South), the ‘other’ was a fear of black
resurgence & an industrial dominating North. In Bengal, the ‘other’
included the British & the Muslims. So in both the places, even the most
humble sharecroppers as long as they did not belong to the ‘other’ saw the
powerful elites as their own people. The sense of belonging provided a bulwark
against divisive forces. No wonder the South was able to enlist such a large
volunteer army & the East got embroiled in its own religious civil war
rather than one based on class.